ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes is a metabolic disease which affects various organs of the body like heart, eye, kidney, skin and peripheral nerves. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is defined as the appearance of the symptoms of Congestive heart failure in diabetic patient in the absence of hypertension and any structural or congenital heart disease. The aim of the study is to find the relation between type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiomyopathy, highlighting the variation in incidence according to age, sex and severity on basis of Doppler echocardiographic diagnosis. Methods: The prospective study was conducted for the duration of one year on 100 newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes patients aged between 30-60 years. Doppler echocardiography and HbA1c level of the patients was done. The study was conducted on the basis of grading of diastolic dysfunction on echocardiography. Quantitative data was analysed with the help of ‘t’ test and qualitative data with the Chi- Square and Fisher Exact Test. Statistical significance was taken as P < 0.05. Results: In this study, 39% of the newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients developed diabetic cardiomyopathy. In females, the disease was statistically absent in more patients (35) as compared to males (26) (<0.05). The commonest age group affected by grade 1 disease was 41-50 years. The incidence of grade 2 disease was more in age group 51-60 years. The grade 1 diabetic cardiomyopathy was statistically more common in males as compared to females (<0.05). The grade 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy was more common in females, but was statistically insignificant. Patients with HbA1c <8 have 16% chances to get LVDD with significant P value of 0.02. Patients with HbA1c between 8 to 10 have 30% chances to get LVDD with significant P value of 0.01. Conclusion: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is an important complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus patient. HbA1c level and Doppler echocardiography plays an important role in estimating the prevalence and severity of diabetic cardiomyopathy.